This review compares methods of inducing hyperketonemia, including the ketogenic diet and exogenous ketone supplementation, and their impact on Alzheimer's disease (AD) prevention and treatment. PubMed was searched for clinical trials and randomized controlled trials involving these approaches in AD patients, with MCI studies included for the combined approach section. It reports evidence that the ketogenic diet and exogenous ketones may provide treatment benefits, that it is unclear whether one method is better, and that most current studies are small, often uncontrolled, and short-term.
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