A ketone monoester drink reduces the glycemic response to an oral glucose challenge in individuals with obesity: a randomized trial

In a randomized, controlled crossover experiment, 15 individuals with obesity (age 47 +/- 10 years; BMI 34 +/- 5) drank a ketone monoester (0.45 mL/kg body weight) or a taste-matched control 30 minutes before a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. The ketone monoester raised D-beta-hydroxybutyrate to a maximum of about 3.4 mM. Compared with control, it reduced glucose area under the curve by 11 percent, nonesterified fatty acids by 21 percent and glucagon-like peptide 1 by 31 percent, while glucagon area under the curve increased by 11 percent. Insulin, C-peptide and triglyceride areas under the curve did not differ, and mean arterial pressure decreased while heart rate increased.